Lack of Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6 or Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 Results in a Failure of the Innate Immune Response after Bacterial Meningitis

Figure 3

Gene expression of glial cell marker after pneumococcal meningitis. Analysis of astrocyte marker GFAP mRNA expression (a and c) and microglia marker Itgam (b and d) in the hippocampal formation and cortex of TNFR1-, IL-6-, or TNFR1-IL-6-KO and WT mice 30 h after induction of pneumococcal meningitis by real-time RT-PCR were assessed from five independent experiments in duplicate. The asterisk indicates a significant difference between infected WT and infected TNFR1- or TNFR1-IL-6-KO mice as determined by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test (; ).

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