Elevated Admission Base Deficit Is Associated with a Complex Dynamic Network of Systemic Inflammation Which Drives Clinical Trajectories in Blunt Trauma Patients

Figure 5

Dynamic network analysis (DyNA) of inflammatory mediators in BD ≥ 4 and BD < 4 subgroups suggests an early differential network connectivity within 16 h after injury. DyNA at 0–8 h suggested that IFN-α/sIL-2Rα/MIP-1α/IL-17A/IL-4/GM-CSF/IL-7/IL-2/IFN-γ/IL-13 were highly connected in the BD ≥ 4 group (a) while the BD < 4 group (d) exhibited a lesser degree of connected nodes: MIP-1α/sIL-2Rα/MIP-1β/IL-4/IL-1β/IL-2/IL-15. DyNA at 8–16 h suggested that the BD ≥ 4 group (b) retained the connectivity among inflammatory mediators, whereas the BD < 4 group (e) continued to exhibit a lesser degree of connections. DyNA at 16–24 h suggested that the BD ≥ 4 group (c) exhibited a substantial reduction of network connectivity to a level similar to BD < 4 group (f).

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