Midkine Is a Novel Regulator of Amphetamine-Induced Striatal Gliosis and Cognitive Impairment: Evidence for a Stimulus-Dependent Regulation of Neuroinflammation by Midkine

Figure 1

Amphetamine induces astrocytosis in the striatum of WT and MK−/− mice. (a) Photomicrographs are from GFAP-immunostained striatal sections of saline- (Sal-) or amphetamine- (Amph-) treated animals. Amphetamine induced reactive astrocytes characterized by larger densely stained bodies with longer and extensive processes (black arrows) compared to saline-treated mice (white arrows). (b) The graph represents quantification of data (mean ± SEM) obtained from the counts of GFAP-positive cells in standardized areas of the striatum. Significant effects of the genotype (F_(1,16) = 8.051, ), the treatment (F_(1,16) = 200.3, ), and genotype by treatment variant interaction (F_(1,16) = 5.896, ) were found. versus Sal. versus WT. Scale bar = 200 μm. Magnified inset = 50 μm.

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