Dyslipidemia rather than Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Chronic Periodontitis Affects the Systemic Expression of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Genes

Table 2

Characteristics of the sample: demographic, physical, biochemical, and diabetic data (mean ± SD).

	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 5
Gender (F/M)	18/12	20/10	17/13	19/11	18/12
Age (mean SD)	48.0 (±7.6)	50.3 (±6.7)	49.0 (±7.5)	45.9 (±5.9)	39.3 (±3.6)
BMI (m/Kg^2)	30.5 (±5.2)	31.4 (±4.1)	28.4 (±3.8)	27.3 (±6.4)	24.5 (±3.5)
Waist-to-hip ratio (cm)	1.0 (±0.1)	1.0 (±0.1)	0.9 (±0.1)	0.9 (±0.1)	0.8 (±0.07)
Abdominal circumference (cm)	104.3 (±14.6)	109.3 (±10.8)	98.1 (±9.9)	98.2 (±16.9)	87.5 (±10.6)
Fasting glucose (mg/dl)	226.6 (±74.2)	137.5 (±41.4)	90.0 (±6.4)	90.8 (±7.3)	85.9 (±6.5)
Hb (%)	10.4 (±1.9)	6.6 (±0.9)	5.4 (±0.6)	5.1 (±0.6)	5.4 (±0.21)
Insulin (U/L)	19.7 (±20.9)	21.1 (±21.5)	12.6 (±8.5)	11.1 (±12.7)	7.1 (±4.3)
HOMA	12.7 (±15.9)	6.8 (±5.2)	2.6 (±1.8)	2.9 (±3.5)	1.6 (±1.0)
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	242.7 (±37.8)	243.4 (±42.9)	246.1 (±42.3)	171.6 (±18.5)	180.3 (±21.5)
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	44.8 (±9.5)	46.1 (±10.5)	50.7 (±11.1)	48.4 (±12.6)	49.3 (±10.1)
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	153.4 (±37.0)	147.3 (±44.3)	156.4 (±44.1)	103.8 (±17.4)	113.5 (±18.1)
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	216.9 (±94.6)	249.8 (±104.1)	194.1 (±80.6)	93.9 (±35.9)	87.4 (±27.6)

Significant value in relation to group 5; significant value in relation to group 4; significant value in relation to group 3; significant value in relation to group 2. Comparisons between all groups for nonnormally distributed variables were performed by the Kruskal–Wallis test, and Dunn test was used to correct for multiple comparisons. For normally distributed variables, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with Holm–Sidak multiple comparison test was used.