Buprenorphine Alters Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Molecular Markers in Arthritis

Figure 2

Buprenorphine administration altered gene expression of inflammatory markers in the synovial joint of the CIA mice. Mice were sacrificed on day 29 after the first CII challenge in the CIA model, and ankle joints were collected. The mRNA expression of cox-2, mmp-3, IL-1β, and IL-6 were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Relative fold changes were calculated compared to the expression in the naïve mice normalized to 1, using the standard ΔΔCt method, after normalization with 18s RNA expression. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunn’s post hoc test was used to determine the significance, and Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine the values between the groups; was considered to be statistically significant; ns: not significant.