15-Deoxy-Δ^12,14-prostaglandin J₂ Exerts Antioxidant Effects While Exacerbating Inflammation in Mice Subjected to Ureteral Obstruction

Figure 1

Effects of 15d-PGJ₂ on the regulation of Nrf2 localization and antioxidants in the kidney cortex during 3-day UUO. (a) Verification of the purity of nuclear and cytosolic extracts. Nuclear markers, histone H3 and Lamin B, as well as cytosolic markers, HSP90 and GAPDH, were used to show the purity of the tissue extracts. (b-c) Nuclear protein extracts were used to analyze Nrf2 nuclear (Nuc) expression. Cytosolic (Cyt) Nrf2, Keap1, and HO-1 proteins were further analyzed in the cytosolic fraction. Representative western blots are shown. (d) Protein carbonylation. Proteins were extracted from cortical tissue and analyzed using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to quantitate carbonyl content as a marker of protein oxidation. 15d-PGJ₂ was administered at a low (0.5 mg/kg/day) and a high (1 mg/kg/day) dose as depicted in each graph. Data represents mean ± SEM. versus that in sham; versus that in UUO, using ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test (, sham; , UUO groups). Histone H3 (Hist. H3) and GAPDH are shown as loading controls for nuclear and cytoplasmic protein extracts, respectively. UUO, unilateral ureteral obstruction.

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