Neuropeptides and Microglial Activation in Inflammation, Pain, and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Table 1

Expression of neuropeptide receptors in microglial cells.

Receptor	Detection level	Microglial cell system	References
Melanocortin receptors
MC1R	mRNA	CHME-3 cells	[45]
MC3R	mRNA	CHME-3 cells	[45]
MC4R	mRNA, protein	CHME-3 cells, rat microglia	[45, 47]
MC5R	mRNA	CHME-3 cells	[45]
Opioid receptors
-receptors	mRNA, protein	Human fetal microglia, rat microglia	[55, 56]
-receptors	mRNA, protein	Human fetal microglia, rat microglia	[56, 57]
NPY receptors
Y1R	mRNA, protein	N9 cells, rat retinal microglia	[58, 59]
Y2R	mRNA, protein	N9 cells, rat retinal microglia	[58, 59]
Y5R	mRNA	N9 cells	[58]
VIP/PACAP receptors
VPAC1	mRNA	Rat microglia, murine microglia, BV-2, and EOC13 microglial cell lines	[60, 61]
PAC1	mRNA	Rat microglia, murine microglia, BV-2, and EOC13 microglial cell lines	[60, 61]
STT/CST receptors
sst2	mRNA, protein	Rat microglia, BV-2, N9, and murine microglia	[62, 63]
sst3	mRNA, protein	Rat microglia, BV-2, N9, and murine microglia	[62, 63]
sst4	mRNA, protein	Rat microglia, BV-2, N9, and murine microglia	[62, 63]
Tachykinin receptors
NK-1R	mRNA, protein	Human fetal microglia, M4T.4, EOC13, and murine microglia	[64, 65]
NK-2R	mRNA	M4T.4 cells	[65]
NK-3R	Functional evidence	Rat microglia	[66]
CGRP/AM receptor
CGRP/AM-R	Functional evidence	Rat microglia	[67–69]
Leptin receptors
LepR	Protein	Rat microglia, BV-2 cells	[70, 71]
LepRa	mRNA	Rat microglia, BV-2 cells	[70, 71]
LepRb	mRNA	Rat microglia, BV-2 cells	[70, 71]
Ghrelin receptors
CD36 (unacylated ghrelin receptor)	mRNA, Protein	N9 cells, human fetal microglia, and neonatal and adult murine microglia	[72–74]