|
| Virus strain | Modification | Therapeutic gene | HCC cell lines used | Animal model | Dose (pfu)
and route | Reference |
|
| Adenovirus, CV890 | AFP transcriptional regulatory
elements (TRE) to control an
artificial E1A-IRES-E1B bicistronic
cassette in an ad5 vector | None, combination
with doxorubicin | HepG2, Huh7,
Hep3B, and SNU449 | BALB/c nude mice
Hep3B/HepG2 xenografts | 1 × 1011 IV | [74] |
Adenovirus,
ZD55-TRAIL/ZD55-
Smac | Deletion of E1B 55KDa gene
Insertion of
EGFP, TRAIL/Smac genes | TRAIL/Smac | Hep3B, BEL7404,
and SMMC7721 | BALB/c nude mice
BEL7404 xenograft | 2 × 109 IT | [67] |
| Adenovirus, CNHK500 | Human telomerase reverse
transcriptase (hTERT) and
hypoxia-response promoter
controlled the E1b gene | hTERT | Hep3B, HepGII, and
SMMC-7721 | BALB/c nude mice,
SMMC-7721, and
Hep3B xenografts | 2 × 108–2 × 109 IT | [68] |
| Adenovirus, CNHK300 | hTERT was inserted with viral genome at upstream of E1A region | hTERT | HepGII and Hep3B | No animal model used | MOI of
5 pfu/cell | [69] |
Adenovirus,
ZD55-IFN-β | E1B-55-kDa gene deletions and hIFN-β insertion | hIFN-β | Hep-G2 and BEL7404 | BALB/c nude mice,
BEL7404 xenografts | 2 × 109 IT | [70] |
| Adenovirus, SG7011let7T | Insertion of eight
copies of
let-7 target sites (let7T) into
the 39 untranslated region
of E1A | miRNA, let-7 | HepG2, Hep3B,
PLC/PRF/5, and Huh7 | BALB/c nude mice,
Hep3B and SMMC-7721
xenografts | 5 × 108 IT | [71] |
| Adenovirus, Telomelysin | hTERT inserted upstream
of the E1 gene | hTERT | Human: Huh-7,
Hep3B, PLC5, HA22T,
HCC36, and HepG2
Mouse: Hepa-1c1c7
and Hepa 1–6 | HBx transgenic mice,
orthotopic model | Low: 1.25 × 108
Medium: 6.25 × 108
High: 3.0 × 109 IT | [72] |
Adenovirus,
Ad-ΔB/TRAIL and Ad-ΔB/IL-12 | Mutated in E1A and deleted in E1B regions. Insertion
of hTRAIL or hIL-12 | hTRAIL or hIL-12 | Hep3B and HuH7 | Athymic nude mice,
orthotopic model | 2 × 108
1 × 1010 IV | [73] |
HSV, designated
liver-cancer specific
oncolytic virus (LCSOV) | Viral glycoprotein H gene linked with
liver-specific
apolipoprotein
E (apoE)-AAT
promoter. miR-122a complimentary
sequence to the 3′ untranslated
region (3′UTR). miR-124a and
let-7 also inserted at 3′ UTR | miR122miR-124a
and let-7 | HuH-7, HepG2,
and Hep3B | Hsd: athymic (nu/nu) mice,
Hep3B xenograft | 5 × 106 IT | [75] |
| HSV, G47Δ | ICP47 and
γ34.5-deletion | None | HepG2, HepB, SMMC-7721, BEL-7404, and BEL-7405 | Balb/c nude mice SMMC-7721,
BEL-7404 xenograft | 2 × 107 IT | [76] |
| MeV, (Res + MeV) | Encoding of GFP as a marker
gene and SCD as suicide gene | None
Combination with HDACi drug resminostat (Res) | HepG2 and Hep3B | No animal model used | Various MOIs | [89] |
| NDV | L289A mutation within the
F gene | None | HepG2 and Huh7 | Buffalo rats
McA-RH7777 rat
HCC-orthotopic model | 108 TCID50/rat HAI | [90] |
| VV, JX-594 | Deletion of TK and VGF,
insertion of h GM-CSF | hGM-CSF | None | Immunocompetent,
orthotopic, NZW rabbits. VX2 tumor model. Rat: chemically induced HCC | Rabbit:
1 × 108–1 × 109 IV/IT
Rat: 1 × 108 IT | [79] |
| VV, JX-963 | Deletion of TK and VGF,
insertion of h GM-CSF | hGM-CSF | None | Immunocompetent,
orthotopic, NZW rabbits
VX2 tumor model | Various IV | [80] |
| VV, GLV-1 h68 | Deletion of TK and insertion
of Renilla luciferasegreen
fluorescent protein (Ruc-GFP),
β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase | None | HuH7 and
PLC/PRF/5 | Athymic Nude-Foxn1nu
HuH7 and PLC xenografts | 5 × 106 IV | [82] |
| VV, GLV-1 h68 | Deletion of TK and insertion of Renilla luciferasegreen
fluorescent protein (Ruc-GFP),
β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase | None | Huh-7, Hep 3B,
SNU-449 and SNU-739 | No animal model used | MOI of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 | [83] |
| VV, GLV-2b-372 | Deletion of TK and insertion
of TurboFP635 gene | None | Huh-7, Hep G2,
SNU-449, and SNU-739 | Athymic nude mice
Huh-7 xenograft | 1 × 105 IT | [84] |
| VSV, rVSV-GFP | Insertion of GFP | None | Human: Hep 3B and Hep G2
Rat: McA-RH7777 | Buffalo rats
McA-RH7777 orthotopic, syngeneic | 1 × 108 IT | [85] |
| VSV, rVSV-β-gal | Insertion of
β-galactosidase (β-gal) | None | McA-RH7777 | Buffalo rats
McA-RH7777 orthotopic | 1.3 × 107 HAI | [86] |
| VSV, rVSV-NDV/F(L289A) | Insertion of NDV/F | None | Human: Hep 3B and
Hep G2
Rat: McA-RH7777 | Buffalo rats, orthotopic syngeneic McA-RH7777 | 1.3 × 107 HAI | [85–87] |
| VSV, rVSV-NDV/F(L289A) | Insertion of NDV/F | None | Human: Hep 3B and
Hep G2
Rat: McA-RH7777 | Buffalo rats, orthotopic syngeneic McA-RH7777 | 1.3 × 107 HAI | [88] |
| VSV, rVSV(MΔ51)-M3 | MΔ51deletion and M3 addition | None | McA-RH7777 | Buffalo rats
McA-RH7777 orthotopic | 5.0 × 107–5.0 × 109 HAI | [69] |
|
