A Double-Blinded Randomized Study Investigating a Possible Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Saxagliptin versus Placebo as Add-On Therapy in Patients with Both Type 2 Diabetes And Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Table 3

mRNA RQ values of the selected markers in unstimulated and LPS-stimulated PBMCs before and after treatment in the randomized groups. Median (25, 75 percentiles are given).

Unstimulated						LPS stimulated
	Baseline		3 months			Baseline		3 months
	Saxagliptin ()	Placebo ()	Saxagliptin ()	Placebo ()	Δp1	Saxagliptin ()	Placebo ()	Saxagliptin (n = 5)	Placebo ()	Δp2
TNF-α	0.57 (0.44, 0.78)	0.47 (0.43, 0.76)	0.68 (0.56, 0.96)	0.42 (0.24, 0.85)	0.177	4.20 (2.99, 6.04)	3.60 (3.40, 4.31)	5.13 (4.14, 16.70)	4.29 (3.47, 4.96)	1.000
IL-1β	0.94 (0.73, 1.21)	0.67 (0.59, 1.10)	1.18 (0.84, 1.76)	0.58 (0.38, 0.96)	0.082	19.36 (8.99, 22.50)	11.11 (9.56, 13.65)	15.77 (11.15, 22.18)	14.08 (8.61, 16.47)	0.662
MCP-1	0.46 (0.30, 0.71)	0.47 (0.38, 0.73)	0.50 (0.38, 0.85)	0.45 (0.26, 0.73)	0.792	0.17 (0.04, 0.42)	0.15 (0.08, 0.22)	0.21 (0.07, 0.41)	0.16 (0.09, 0.27)	0.429
IL-18	1.22 (0.87, 1.49)	1.10 (0.82, 1.32)	1.24 (0.79, 1.87)	1.01 (0.69, 1.20)	1.000	1.99 (1.06, 2.95)	1.76 (1.32, 2.08)	1.59 (0.41, 3.69)	1.95 (1.29, 2.86)	0.429
CX3CR1	0.69 (0.53, 1.29)	1.37 (0.64, 2.53)	0.58 (0.49, 1.06)	1.39 (0.86, 2.09)	0.931	0.44 (0.36, 0.84)	0.69 (0.39, 1.23)	0.48 (0.29, 1.17)	0.65 (0.35, 0.77)	0.662
IL-10	1.34 (0.82, 2.17)	1.25 (0.97, 1.71)	1.63 (1.20, 2.25)	1.13 (0.90, 1.61)	0.009	7.90 (1.26, 14.90)	6.84 (5.54, 7.65)	11.07 (4.63, 15.90)	6.30 (5.15, 8.93)	0.429

intragroup change in the saxagliptin group (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Δp1 denotes relative differences in changes between groups in unstimulated cells (baseline levels taken into account). Δp2 denotes relative differences in changes between groups in LPS-stimulated cells (baseline levels taken into account).