Andrographolide Activates Keap1/Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 Pathway in HT22 Cells and Suppresses Microglial Activation by Aβ₄₂ through Nrf2-Related Inflammatory Response

Figure 4

Effect of andrographolide and/or brusatol on expression in BV-2 cells. BV-2 cells were transfected with plasmids for 12 h. The medium was discarded and replaced with phenol red-free medium in the absence or presence of 100 nM brusatol. After 2 h, the medium was replaced with fresh medium containing 1, 5, or 10 μM of andrographolide. The abbreviation of andrographolide, ANDRO, was used. (a) The microglial clearance of Aβ₄₂ was visualized by fluorescence microscope imaging. (b) The relative fluorescence intensity of Aβ₄₂ was quantified by Image J software. The data are presented as the means SE of triplicates. The significance presented as compared with control group and and compared with the Aβ₄₂-transfected group. (c) The secreted NO levels in the medium of BV-2 cells were measured using the Griess method. The data are presented as the means SE of triplicates. The significance presented as compared with control group and compared with the Aβ₄₂-transfected group.

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