Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with Increased Osteocalcin Levels in Acute Aortic Dissection: A Pilot Study on Elderly Patients
Table 1
Characteristics of participants included in the study.
AAD patients
25OHD < 10 ng/mL
10 ng/mL < 25OHD < 20 ng/mL
25OHD > 20 ng/mL
()
()
()
()
Age (years)
62.67 ± 12.11
58.00 ± 14.21
61.11 ± 8.34
72.00 ± 9.59
Gender
Male (n, %)
15, 62.5
7, 77.78
8, 88.89
4, 66.66
Female (n, %)
9, 37.5
2, 22.22
1, 11.11
2, 33.33
BMI (kg/m2)
23.09 ± 6.09
23.23 ± 9.77
23.57 ± 2.68
25.28 ± 3.88
Type of dissection
A
19, 79.17
9, 100.00
6, 66.67
4, 66.67
B
5, 20.83
0, 0.00
3, 33.33
2, 33.33
First SBP
130.00 ± 50.88
117.22 ± 27.05
141.22 ± 70.15
79.00 ± 27.02
First DBP
60.00 (60.00–92.50)
66.00 (55.00–80.00)
83.75 ± 38.15
60.00 (60.00–92.50)
Risk factors (n, %)
Hypertension
18, 75.0
6, 66.67
6, 66.67
6, 100.00
Diabetes
—
—
—
—
Atherosclerosis
6, 25.0
2, 22.22
1, 11.11
3, 50.00
Known aortic aneurism
2, 6.3
1, 11.11
1, 11.11
0, 0.00
Prior aortic dissection
—
—
—
—
Mitral valve disease
1, 4.2
0, 0.00
1, 11.11
0, 0.00
Bicuspid aortic valve disease
3, 12.5
3, 33.33
0, 0.00
0, 0.00
Aortic valve disease
1, 4.2
1, 11.11
0, 0.00
0, 0.00
Tricuspid valve disease
—
—
—
—
Peripartum state
—
—
—
—
Other aortic disease
—
—
—
—
Cocaine abuse
1, 4.2
1, 11.11
0, 0.00
0, 0.00
Smoking
6, 25.0
3, 33.33
1, 11.11
2, 33.33
ACE inhibitors
4, 16.7
1, 11.11
2, 22.22
1, 16.67
ARB
1, 4.2
0, 0.00
0, 0.00
1, 16.67
Beta blockers
13, 54.2
6, 66.67
4, 44.44
3, 50.00
Ca-channel blockers
4, 16.7
1, 11.11
2, 22.22
1, 16.67
Diuretic
3, 12.5
0, 0.00
1, 11.11
2, 33.33
Nitroprusside
6, 25.0
0, 0.00
4, 44.44
2, 33.33
Other vasodilators
7, 29.2
4, 44.44
2, 22.22
1, 16.67
Vasopressors
1, 4.2
0, 0.00
0, 0.00
1, 16.67
25OHD (ng/mL)
10.75 (6.86–19.23)
6.29 ± 1.64a,b
10.60 (11.00–13.60)b
23.02 ± 2.55
Osteocalcin (ng/mL)
17.95 ± 8.14
22.26 ± 10.39c
17.86 ± 4.85
11.62 ± 3.57
BAP (mg/L)
7.39 ± 3.24
6.33 ± 1.78
7.56 ± 4.06
8.27 ± 3.84
PTH (pg/mL)
24.40 (14.10–39.68)
31.91 ± 19.65
25.32 ± 18.22
30.88 ± 22.09
Ca (mg/dL)
8.70 (7.30–8.80)
7.77 ± 0.99d
8.70 (8.25–8.78)c
10.75 ± 2.03
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, median (25th–75th percentiles), or number and proportions. BMI: body mass index; NW: normal weight; OW: overweight; OB: obese; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker; 25OHD: 25-hydroxy vitamin D; BAP: bone-specific alkaline phosphate protein; PTH: 1–84 parathormone; Ca: calcium. a versus 10 ng/mL < 25OHD< 20 ng/mL; b versus 25OHD > 20 ng/mL; c versus 25OHD > 20 ng/mL; d versus 25OHD > 20 ng/mL.
