Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Crude Venom Isolated from Parasitoid Wasp, Bracon hebetor Say

Figure 6

Effects of B. hebetor venom on NF-κB and AP-1 transcriptional activities. HEK 293T cells were cultured in 24-well plates and after 18 hr of incubation were transfected with NF-κB, AP-1, and TK Renilla plasmids using the calcium-phosphate method. 48 hr after transfection, cells were pretreated with indicated concentrations of BHV (0.1 μg/mL–0.4 μg/mL) and then stimulated with PMA (0.1 μM) for 6 hr. Luciferase activity was later measured using Dual-Glo luciferase assay system. NF-κB and AP-1 activity was normalized to TK Renilla activity and concentrations were compared to PMA Renilla luciferase activity. Bar graph is mean ± SEM of triplicates. and were considered statistically significant.