Torilin Inhibits Inflammation by Limiting TAK1-Mediated MAP Kinase and NF-κB Activation

Figure 2

Torilin pretreatment reduces LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine secretions into the culture media. RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with torilin or vehicle for 30 min and stimulated with LPS for 24 h. TNF-α (a), IL-1β (b), IL-6 (c), and GM-CSF (d) were determined using ELISA. Each bar graph represents mean ± (SE) for four independent experiments. Significance was determined using Student’s t-test. , , .

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