Role of the Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE) as a Prognostic Factor for Mortality in Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients included in the study.
All patients ()
HD ()
PD ()
p
Clinical parameters
Age (years)
63.71 ± 12.98; 65.33 (53.46–73.18)
65.47 ± 14.25; 67.93 (55.18–76.14)
62.23 ± 11.72; 63.68 (52.90–71.23)
0.098
Male gender (n, %)
87, 70.73%
40, 71.43%
47, 70.15%
1.00
BMI (kg/m2)
26.64 ± 5.61; 26.10 (22.12–30.43)
25.65 ± 6.55; 22.98 (21.30–28.27)
27.36 ± 4.73; 27.20 (23.60–30.90)
0.021
Diabetes (n, %)
31, 25.20
17, 30.36%
14, 20.89%
0.298
Smoking (n, %)
15, 12.20%
6, 10.71%
9, 13.43%
0.784
Alcohol consumption (n, %)
4, 3.25
2, 3.57%
2, 2.98%
1.00
Hypertension (n, %)
75, 60.98
35, 62.5%
40, 59.70%
0.853
Cardiovascular diseases (n, %)
40, 32.52
20, 35.71%
20, 29.85%
0.564
Biochemical parameters
Albumin [g/dL]
3.14 ± 0.34; 3.10 (2.90–3.40)
3.22 ± 0.35; 3.20 (3.00–3.48)
3.08 ± 0.33; 3.10 (2.80–3.30)
0.033
ALT [UI/l]
21.51 ± 11.78; 18.00 (14.00–25.00)
19.27 ± 11.01; 16.00 (13.00–23.75)
23.39 ± 12.16; 21.00 (16.00–26.00)
0.010
AST [UI/l]
12.25 ± 9.50; 11.00 (6.00–16.00)
10.29 ± 6.50; 9.00 (5.00–15.50)
13.90 ± 11.21; 12.00 (7.00–17.00)
0.036
BNP [pg/mL]
10333.00 ± 12240.00; 3662.00 (1613.00–18857.00)
14182.00 ± 13084.00; 9335.00 (2214.00–26815.00)
7115.00 ± 10546.00; 2500.00 (1049.00–6541.00)
<0.001
Creatinine [mg/dL]
9.26 ± 2.92; 9.20 (7.40–10.60)
9.20 ± 2.86; 9.05 (7.40–10.23)
9.32 ± 2.98; 9.50 (7.10–11.50)
0.525
CRP [mg/L]
1.06 ± 1.87; 0.40 (0.29–1.08)
1.30 ± 2.40; 0.54 (0.29–1.11)
0.86 ± 1.25; 0.37 (0.29–0.98)
0.280
Glucose [mg/dL]
112.90 ± 34.17; 99.00 (89.00–125.00)
114.00 ± 31.89; 102.50 (89.50–125.00)
111.90 ± 36.17; 98.00 (88.00–125.00)
0.486
LDL-cholesterol [mg/dL]
79.09 ± 32.96; 74.00 (55.00–101.30)
67.49 ± 28.67; 65.00 (48.00–79.00)
88.61 ± 33.38; 88.00 (62.00–110.00)
<0.001
HDL-cholesterol [mg/dL]
48.13 ± 14.42; 44.00 (38.00–54.50)
44.00 (40.00–54.00)
48.48 ± 15.60; 44.00 (36.00–57.00)
0.797
Total cholesterol [mg/dL]
157.70 ± 41.20; 154.00 (127.00–182.00)
142.20 ± 34.54; 139.50 (119.80–162.80)
170.60 ± 42.06; 164.00 (135.00–196.00)
< 0.0001
Total protein [g/dL]
6.99 ± 0.57; 7.00 (6.60–7.40)
7.06 ± 0.51; 7.05 (6.60–7.40)
6.92 ± 0.61; 6.90 (6.50–7.30)
0.132
Triglycerides [mg/dL]
155.50 ± 93.97; 132.00 (90.00–196.30)
142.10 ± 80.92; 126.00 (82.00–176.00)
166.40 ± 102.80; 140.00 (94.00–203.00)
0.144
Urea [mg/dL]
123.40 ± 37.05; 118.00 (98.00–145.00)
114.90 ± 38.80; 116.50 (91.50–137.00)
130.50 ± 34.21; 127.00 (111.00–154.00)
0.019
Uric acid [mg/dL]
5.67 ± 1.30;5.70 (4.60–6.40)
5.98 ± 1.34;5.90 (5.13–6.60)
5.40 ± 1.21;5.40 (4.40–6.20)
0.014
Deaths (n, %)
23, 18.70%
10, 17.86%
13, 19.40%
1.00
sRAGE [pg/mL]
3197.00 ± 1356.00; 3071.00 (2167.00–4299)
3613.00 ± 1395.00; 3692.00 (2393.00–4754.00)
2849.00 ± 1227.00; 2665.00 (1955.00–3890.00)
< 0.0001
Data are expressed as mean ± SD and median (25th–75th percentiles) or number and proportions. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CRP, C-reactive protein; HD, hemodyalisis; PD, peritoneal dialysis; sRAGE, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products. Comparison between groups was performed by Mann-Whitney U-test or Fisher exact test. values less than 0.05 are indicated in bold.
