Review Article
Towards Targeting the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Cystic Fibrosis
Table 1
List of major ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
| Source | Activity | Examples |
| Agonists | Xenobiotics | Strong | Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons | 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin | Dibenzofurans | Biphenyls | Polyaromatic hydrocarbons | 3-Methylchlolanthrene | Benzo(a)pyrene | Benzanthracenes | Benzoflavones | Pharmaceuticals | Tranilast | Leflunomide | Omeprazole | Dietary | Weak | Flavonoids | Quercetin | Indole-3-carbinol | 3,3′-Diindolylmethane | Indolo[3,2b]carbazole | Endogenous | Weak | Tryptophan metabolites | Kynurenic acid | Kynurenine | Tryptamine | 6-Formylindolo[3,2b]carbazole | Indoxyl sulfate | Microbiota | 3-Methylindole | Tryptanthrin | 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphtoic acid | Indole-3-aldehyde | Indole-3-acetate | Phenazines | Indirubin | Malassezin |
| Antagonists | Xenobiotic | Weak | 3,4-Dimethoxy-a-naphthoflavone | 6-Methoxy-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran | Strong | CH-223191 | StemRegenin 1 | Dietary | Weak | Resveratrol |
| SAHRM (Agonists/Antagonists) | Xenobiotic | Weak | 3,4-Dimethoxy-a-naphthoflavone | 6-Methoxy-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran | Endogenous/Dietary | Weak | Indole | Quercetin | Apigenin |
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SAHRM: selective AhR modulator.
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