Bisdemethoxycurcumin and Its Cyclized Pyrazole Analogue Differentially Disrupt Lipopolysaccharide Signalling in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Figure 7

Effect of GG9 on macrophage cell-bound IL-1β expression induced by TLR ligands. After differentiation, macrophages were pretreated with GG9 for 30 min, and then incubated with zymosan (10 μg/ml), Pam3CSK4 (PAM3, 0.3 μg/ml), and Poly(I:C) (50 μg/ml) for 24 h at 37°C in RPMI + 10% FBS in the presence of brefeldin (10 μM) over the last 4 h to disrupt cytokine secretion pathways. Prior to flow cytometry analysis, fixed/permeabilized cells were stained with anti-IL-1β antibody. Bar graphs represent the mean (±SEM) of 4 independent experiments. ; versus resting; and versus TLR agonist.