Characterization of Site-Specific Phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in Retinal Cells in Response to High Glucose and Cytokine Polarization

Figure 2

Differential site-specific phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 after high glucose exposure and proinflammatory versus anti-inflammatory cytokine stimulation in HREC. HRECs were cultured under normal-glucose (NG, 5 mM) and high-glucose (HG, 25 mM) conditions followed by TNF-α and IL-1β versus IL-4 treatment for 30 minutes, 2 hours, and 24 hours. Protein levels of phosphorylated p65 Thr-254 (a), phosphorylated p65 Ser-276 (b), phosphorylated p65 Ser-281 (c), phosphorylated p65 Ser-311 (d), phosphorylated p65 Ser-468 (e), phosphorylated p65 Ser-529 (f), phosphorylated p65 Ser-536 (g), and phosphorylated p65 Thr-435 (h) were detected by Western blot. Data shown are representative of 5 independent experiments in duplicate and are expressed as . versus NG and versus HG.

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