Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Figure 5

Effects of Aster incisus on the NF-κB pathway. (a) For NF-κB protein expression, RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were cultured for 36 h, treated with Aster incisus for 4 h, and activated with LPS for 30 min, and whole cell lysates were separated by Western blot. (b) p-p65 translocation was analyzed by immunofluorescence, and cultured RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were treated with Aster incisus for 4 h and activated with LPS for 30 min. DAPI nuclear staining and anti-p-p65 NF-κB were used for p-p65 localization. (c) Western blot levels of IκBα, p-IκBα, NF-κB, and p-p65 NF-κB. Statistical differences between groups treated with different concentrations and the LPS-stimulated nontreated group were significant at the values of , , or . The statistical difference among the control and the LPS-stimulated nontreated groups was significant at the values of or .

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