Artemisia Extract Suppresses NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasome Activation by Inhibition of ASC Phosphorylation

Figure 1

Effect of APO on cell viability and IL-1β secretion in LPS-primed BMDMs. (a) BMDMs were treated with the indicated concentration of APO for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by the LDH assay. (b–f) LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with APO or zVAD (20 μM), and IL-1β secretion was determined by ELISA upon stimulation with (b) 150 μg/mL silica for 3 h, (c) 10 μM nigericin for 1 h, (d) 5 mM ATP for 1 h, (e) 2 μg/mL poly (dA:dT) for 1 h, and (f) 1.5 μg/mL flagellin for 3 h. (g) TNF-α release from LPS-primed BMDMs was determined upon stimulation with 10 μM nigericin for 1 h. (h) The impact of APO on MSU-induced IL-1β production in mice. Data were expressed as the mean ± SEM (). Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test. , , and , compared with LPS-primed BMDMs plus respective stimuli. NS, nonsignificant; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; BMDMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages; APO, A. princeps extract; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin; Nig, nigericin; MSU, monosodium urate crystal.

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