Review Article
The Role of Extracellular Adenosine Generation in the Development of Autoimmune Diseases
Table 1
Scheme of principal findings regarding the role of ADO and adenosinergic ectoenzymes in autoimmune diseases.
| | Disease | Molecule(s) involved | Principal finding |
| | Multiple sclerosis | CD73, CD39 | Upregulation of CD73 following IFN-β treatment (14, 15) | | Loss of regulatory function of CD39+ Tregs (16) |
| | EAE | CD73, CD39 | Increase in CD73 expression during disease progression (17) | | Resistance to EAE in CD73 KO mice (18, 19) | | Increased enzymatic activity of CD39 and CD73 in EAE mice (20) |
| | CIA | CD73 | Upregulation of CD73 and ADORA2A on cells from synovial fluid (21) | | Increased susceptibility to CIA in CD73 KO mice (22) |
| | Rheumatoid arthritis | CD39 | Increased frequency of CD39+ Treg in PB of patients (23) | | Increased frequency of CD39+ Treg in PB of patients responsive to MTX (24) |
| | JIA | CD38, CD73 | Decreased expression and function of CD38 and CD73 on synovial CD56brightCD16− NK cells from patients (6) | | Lower expression of CD73 in cells from synovial fluid (25) |
| | Diabetes | CD39 | Expression of CD39 is related to development of disease in mice (26) | | Lack of ADO receptors A2A and A2B increase susceptibility to the disease (27, 28) |
| | Uveitis | CD73 | CD73 mediates the therapeutic effect of MSC in experimental uveitis (31) | | Lack of CD73 expression on γδ T cells correlated to high Th17 response (32) |
|
|
