Obstructive Sleep Apnea Monocytes Exhibit High Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Secretion, Augmenting Tumor Progression

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study participants.

	OSA group ()	CPAP group ()		Healthy volunteers ()	value^¶
		Before treatment^#	After treatment
Age—years	56 ± 11	59 ± 88	—	45 ± 9	.865
Male sex—number (%)	45 (80.3)	50 (81.2)	—	40 (84.5)	.108
Body mass index—kg/m^2	32.3 ± 5.9	31.5 ± 4.3	—	29.4 ± 5.0	.844
ESS	13 3. ± 6.8	12 3 ± 3.5	8.2 ± 2.5	5.2 ± 4.5	.01
AHI—events/h	53.3 ± 22.1	58.5 ± 18.1	13.0 ± 5.8	2.9 ± 1.2	<.001
Oxygen desaturation index—number of events/h	50.2 ± 24.3	55.4 ± 21.2	12.7 ± 4.30	1.8 ± 2.1	<.001

Data presented as , unless otherwise stated. OSA: obstructive sleep apnea; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; AHI: apnea-hypoapnea index. ^#Baseline values of the treated patients with OSA refer to the diagnostic time, before starting the treatment with CPAP; ^¶comparisons between groups were performed by ANOVA or chi-squared test.