Markers of Glomerular and Tubular Damage in the Early Stage of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Table 2
Odds ratios for moderately increased albuminuria (uACR between 30 and 300 mg/g) among T2DM patients with eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 in simple and multiple logistic regressions adjusted for age, diabetes duration, the presence of hypertension, heart failure, and the treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.
Predictor variable
Simple analysis
Multiple analysis
Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
value
Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
value
Serum creatinine, per 1 μmol/l
0.99 (0.96–1.02)
0.6
0.98 (0.94–1.01)
0.2
Serum cystatin C, per 1 mg/l
33.09 (2.82–387.83)
0.005#
14.98 (0.64–353.13)
0.09
Serum NGAL, per 1 μg/l
1.02 (1.00-1.04)
0.018#
1.02 (1.00-1.04)
0.059
Urine NGAL, per 1 μg/l
1.04 (1.01–1.07)
0.016#
1.04 (1.00-1.07)
0.035#
Urine NGAL/creatinine, per 1 μg/g
1.02 (1.00-1.035)
0.018#
1.02 (1.00-1.04)
0.035#
Urine KIM-1, per 1 μg/l
1.64 (1.09–2.45)
0.020#
1.87 (1.11–3.15)
0.016#
Urine KIM-1/creatinine, per 1 μg/g
5.63 (2.16–14.68)
<0.001#
7.12 (2.22–22.87)
<0.001#
Detectable urine transferrin
54.00 (5.95–490.37)
<0.001#
54.90 (4.70–640.90)
0.001#
Detectable urine IgG
39.90 (9.25–172.10)
<0.001#
59.37 (8.54–412.79)
<0.001#
Serum uromodulin, per 1 μg/l
0.99 (0.98–1.00)
0.049#
0.99 (0.98–1.00)
0.09
Urine uromodulin, per 1 mg/l
0.96 (0.89–1.02)
0.2
0.95 (0.88–1.03)
0.2
Urine uromodulin/creatinine, per 1 mg/g
1.00 (0.95–1.06)
0.9
1.01 (0.95–1.07)
0.8
#Statistically significant result. Abbreviations: see Table 1.
