Fecal Galectin-3: A New Promising Biomarker for Severity and Progression of Colorectal Carcinoma

Figure 3

(a) Decreased fecal IL-1β and systemic TNF-α, while increased fecal Gal-3 and systemic Gal-3/TNF-α ratios in patients with detectable liver metastasis. Patients with CRC were divided into two groups, based on the presence of liver metastasis (+ and −). (b) Decreased fecal IL-1β and systemic TNF-α, while increased fecal Gal-3 and systemic Gal-3/TNF-α ratios in patients with detectable lung metastasis. The patients with CRC were divided into two groups, based on the presence of lung metastasis (+ and −). (c) Decreased fecal IL-1β and systemic TNF-α, while increased fecal Gal-3 and systemic Gal-3/TNF-α ratios in patients with detectable peritoneal carcinomatosis. The patients with CRC were divided into two groups, according to the presence of carcinomatosis in peritoneum cavity (+ and −). The serum levels of all mentioned biomarkers were determined by ELISA. Gal-3/TNF-α ratio was evaluated for each patient, separately. The statistical significance was tested by Mann–Whitney Rank Sum test.

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