Dicalcium Silicate Induced Proinflammatory Responses through TLR2-Mediated NF-κB and JNK Pathways in the Murine RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cell Line

Figure 8

TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokine concentrations. (a, b, and c) TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations of the control group, control-siRNA group, 10 μg/mL C₂S and TCP particle groups, 10 μg/mL C₂S + siRNA-TLR2-1 and TCP + siRNA-TLR2-1 groups, and positive control group. (d, e, and f) TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations in the groups mentioned above; however, the material concentration was increased to 100 μg/mL. Following incubation for 24 h, the 10 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL C₂S and TCP particles produced high TNF-α levels (); however, when we added siRNA, the levels significantly decreased compared with the non-siRNA treated groups (). Moreover, the 100 μg/mL C₂S particle group produced more TNF-α than the 100 μg/mL TCP particle group. There were no significant differences in IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations between the experimental groups. The positive control group produced high TNF-α and IL-6 levels ().

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