Research Article
Effects of Tobacco Usage and Antiretroviral Therapy on Biomarkers of Systemic Immune Activation in HIV-Infected Participants
Table 2
Demographic, clinical, and biomarker results according to tobacco usage.
| | Tobacco nonuser
| Tobacco user
| value |
| | Age (years) | 33 (29.5–39) | 34 (30–39) | 0.827 | | Gender |
(64.6%) |
(45.5%) | 0.014 | BMI (kg/m2)
(; ) | 26 (23–30) | 23 (21–27) | 0.084 | | CD4 (cells/μL) | 283 (181–366) | 294.5 (184–334) | 0.815 | VL (copies/mL)
(; ) | 40 (40–40) | 40 (40–40) | 1.000 | | Cotinine (ng/mL) | 0 (0-0) | 100 (84–100) | 0.0001 | | MIG (pg/mL) | 1202.27 (705.05–2381.51) | 1586.55 (1118.17–3140.22) | 0.070 | | IL-6 (pg/mL) | 2.9 (1.73–5.36) | 3.12 (2.26–6.11) | 0.404 | | IL-8 (pg/mL) | 11.19 (6.07–23.96) | 12.47 (9.06–31.27) | 0.296 | | IP-10 (pg/mL) | 923.06 (618.67–1821.06) | 1177.58 (699.38–2030.72) | 0.249 | | MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 13.91 (3.58–27.86) | 21.66 (7.19–31.99) | 0.114 | | TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.57 (0–5.69) | 1.14 (0–10.24) | 0.505 | | RANTES (pg/mL) | 552.31 (279.88-934.91) | 1059.49 (436.52-2043.34) | 0.012 | | MMP-9 (ng/mL) | 34.74 (22.36–53.7) | 39.17 (26.77–67.08) | 0.161 | | L-selectin (ng/mL) | 1060.95 (881.17–1283.41) | 1076.63 (809.64–1223.38) | 0.543 | | ICAM-1 (ng/mL) | 223.31 (133.7–351.51) | 205.88 (130.82–427.59) | 0.827 | | sCD14 (ng/mL) | 10177.13 (6859.92–14065.46) | 10696.59 (7720.14-14664.51) | 0.516 | | Surfactant-D (ng/mL) | 239.33 (138.28–365.35) | 286.61 (184.47–370.3) | 0.143 | | LBP (ng/mL) | 1512.9 (1085.55–2803.38) | 1941.39 (1168.96–3235.82) | 0.305 | | β2-Microglobulin (μg/mL) | 1.99 (1.52–2.97) | 2.33 (1.82–3.06) | 0.042 | | hsCRP (μg/mL) | 3.56 (1.14–7.48) | 2.71 (0.817–6.85) | 0.349 | | Cyclophilin A (ng/mL) | 29.19 (16.3–51.73) | 39.44 (23.46–73.61) | 0.033 |
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