Hemorrhagic Shock Sensitized the Diaphragm to Ventilator-Induced Dysfunction through the Activation of IL-6/JAK/STAT Signaling-Mediated Autophagy in Rats

Figure 2

Short-time MV amplified IL-6 but not ROS induction in the rat diaphragm after HS ( in each group). Diaphragm expressions of (a) IL-6, (b) TNF-α, and (c) IL-1β were detected using ELISA kits. (d) Total ROS levels in the diaphragm. (e) Correlation analysis between maximal tetanic forces and IL-6 levels. (f, g) Assessment of autophagic marker LC3BI/II after IL-6 mAb treatment. (h, i) CSA of slow- and fast-twitch fibers after IL-6 mAb administration. (j, k) Measurement of muscle forces after antioxidant NAC and IL-6 mAb treatments. Measurements were repeated three times for each sample. MV = mechanical ventilation; HS = hemorrhagic shock.

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