The Role of Infection in Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Table 5

Viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs of IPF patients.

Virus^a	Number of viruses
	AE-IPF ()	Stable IPF ()	Total ()
HHV	15	4	19
INF A	12	0	12
HRV	6	4	10
Other positive viruses^b	7	9	16
Total positive viruses^c	40	17	57
Positive cases	18	13	31
Positive rate	18/30 (60.0%)	13/30 (43.3%)	31/60 (51.7%)

^aHHV: human herpesvirus; INF A: influenza virus A; HRV: human rhinovirus. ^bOther positive viruses include AE-IPF: Andean potato latent virus; Mimivirus terra2; Tailam virus strain; halovirus; Emiliania huxleyi virus 86; oat dwarf virus; pepper mild mottle virus; stable IPF: Shamonda virus; Pandoravirus dulcis; pestivirus Giraffe-1; alfalfa mosaic virus; Megavirus chiliensis; murine osteosarcoma virus; Rous sarcoma virus; Y73 sarcoma virus; and hepatitis G virus. Some patients were positive for two kinds of virus