Th1/17-Biased Inflammatory Environment Associated with COPD Alters the Response of Airway Epithelial Cells to Viral and Bacterial Stimuli

Figure 1

Expression of mRNA for IL6, CXCL8, TNF, and IL1β by primary AECs in response to virus-like stimuli (imiquimod or poly I:C) and bacterial LPS. AECs from control subjects () or COPD patients () were stimulated with LPS, imiquimod, or poly I:C. Gene expression data (relative to HPRT) were transformed and analyzed by repeated measures one-way ANOVA. For clarity, graphs show fold change relative to unstimulated cells in the corresponding group (control or COPD). Significant differences relative to unstimulated cells are shown as and . Unstim: unstimulated; Imiq: imiquimod.

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