Butyrate Enhances Desensitization Induced by Oral Immunotherapy in Cow’s Milk Allergic Mice

Figure 3

Enhanced Treg-mediated BMMC suppression after in vitro exposure to FOS. TGFβ and IL-2-mediated induction of Tregs from naïve CD4+CD25− splenocytes resulted in functional cells, shown by reduced BMMC activation. (a) Exposure to butyrate (125 μM) did not enhance Treg-mediated suppression of BMMC. (b) Exposure to FOS (0.05%) significantly improved Treg-mediated BMMC suppression upon activation with 50 ng/ml DNP-HSA compared to control Tregs. (c) No differences in Foxp3 yield were observed in the control, butyrate, or FOS condition. Data are depicted as mean ± SD, (a, b) representative experiment, duplicate measurements per concentration DNP-HSA. (c) Mean of 3 independent experiments, duplicate measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA for nonrepeated measures (a, b) and one-way ANOVA (c) with Bonferroni’s post hoc test to compare preselected combinations. , , . BMMC: bone marrow-derived mast cells; Treg: regulatory T cells; FOS: fructo-oligosaccharides; DNP-HSA: dinitrophenol hapten conjugated to human serum albumin; but: butyrate.

(a)

(b)

(c)