Interactions between Gut Microbiota and Immunomodulatory Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Table 2

The partial restoration of the gut microbiota in the treatment of arthritis.

Objects and therapy	Samples	Technology	Increased	Decreased	References
Human, etanercept group vs. naive patient group	Stool	Metagenomic sequencing	Cyanobacteria, Nostocophycideae, Nostocales	Deltaproteobacteria, Clostridiaceae	[76]
Mice, kaempferol group vs. CIA group	Stool	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Prevotellaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Alcaligenaceae	Lachnospiraceae, Staphylococcaceae	[115]
Mice, ES-62 group vs. CIA group	Ileal and colonic content	Metagenomic shotgun sequencing	Clostridaceae, Lachnospiraceae (in the ileum)	Helicobacter, Escherichia (in the colon)	[103]
Mice, PSE group vs. CIA group	Stool	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteriodetes, S24-7, Rikenella	Desulfovibrio, Rikenellaceae_RC9, Mucispirillum, Helicobacter, Lachnospiraceae	[110]
Rats, berberine group vs. CIA group	Caecal content	16S rRNA sequencing	Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Parabacteroides	Prevotella, Paraprevotella, Coprococcus	[109]
Rats, TGP group vs. CIA group	Stool	16S rRNA sequencing	Tenericutes, Mollicutes, Mollicutes RF9, Christensenellaceae, Unclassified_Erysipelotrichaceae, Anaerovorax		[111]
Rats, QLT group vs. AA group	Stool	16S rRNA gene sequencing	Ruminococcus_1, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Atopostipes, Turicibacter, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, Roseburia	Anaerofustis, Blautia, Parasutterella, Leuconostoc	[114]
CIA rats, ZT group vs. CIA group	Stool	16S rRNA gene sequencing	Coriobacteriaceae	Bacteroidaceae, Porphyromonadaceae	[88]
AA rats, L. casei-treated group vs. AA group	Stool	Metagenomic sequencing	Acinetobacter unclassified, Corynebacterium casei, L. acidophilus	Corynebacterium urealyticum, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Erysipelotrichaceae	[116]

CIA: collagen-induced arthritis; AA: adjuvant-induced arthritis; PSE: Paederia scandens extract; TGP: total glucosides of paeony; QLT: Qingluo Tongbi decoction; ZT: Zushima tablet.