Cytokine and Chemokine Profile in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib
Table 1
The characteristics of the patients treated with bortezomib-based therapy and healthy donors. Data are presented as frequency and percentage (%) unless otherwise specified.
Characteristics
Total
Primary refractory
Early relapse
Sensitive
Healthy donors
Number of patients
71
13
28
30
30
Gender (%)
M: 42 (59.1) F: 29 (39.9)
M: 8 (61.5) F: 5 (38.5)
M: 17 (60.7) F: 11 (39.3)
M: 17 (56.7) F: 13 (43.3)
M: 18 (60.0) F: 12 (40.0)
Age at initial bortezomib treatment (range)
(39-91)
(46-81)
(39-91)
(42-82)
(37-70)
Bortezomib regimen:
VCD
58 (81.7)
10 (76.9)
21 (75.0)
27 (90.0)
—
VMP
6 (8.5)
2 (15.4)
4 (14.3)
0
—
VTD
3 (4.2)
0
1 (3.6)
2 (6.7)
—
VD
3 (4.2)
1 (7.7)
2 (7.1)
0
—
IsaVRd
1 (1.4)
0
0
1 (3.3)
—
Time from diagnosis to bortezomib treatment initiation—days—median (IQR)
16.5 (4-45)
96.0 (22-1356)
13.0 (4-39.5)
11.0 (3-35)
—
Paraprotein: (%)
IgG
42 (59.2)
10 (76.9)
16 (57.1)
16 (53.3)
—
IgA
14 (19.7)
2 (15.4)
9 (3.2)
3 (10.0)
—
LCD
15 (21.1)
1 (7.7)
3 (10.7)
11 (36.7)
—
Bone involvement at diagnosis
39 (54.9)
7 (53.8)
17 (60.7)
16 (53.3)
—
at diagnosis
11 (15.5)
0
8 (28.6)
3 (10.0)
—
at diagnosis
28 (39.4)
6 (46.2)
8 (28.6)
14 (46.7)
—
at diagnosis
11 (15.5)
0
4 (14.3)
7 (23.3)
—
International Staging System (ISS) at diagnosis
I—18 (25.4)
I—4 (30.8)
I—7 (25.0)
I—7 (23.3)
—
II—17 (23.9)
II—3 (23.1)
II—7 (25.0)
II—7 (23.3)
—
III—34 (47.9)
III—6 (46.2)
III—13 (46.4)
III—15 (50.0)
—
CRP mg/l—median (IQR)
3.0 (1.0-7.4)
2.2 (1.1-5.9)
2.4 (1.3-6.3)
4.1 (1.0-7.3)
—
Beta-2-microglobuline increased (>3 mg/l)
49 (69.0)
9 (69.2)
21 (75.0)
19 (63.3)
—
9 (12.7)
3 (23.1)
2 (7.1)
4 (13.3)
—
Cytogenetics—(%)
—
2.6
0
5.6
0
—
15.8
0
22.2
11.8
—
0
0
0
0
—
0
0
0
0
—
del(17p)
13.2
0
16.7
11.8
—
amp(1q)
55.3
33.3
61.1
52.9
—
del(13q)
23.7
0
16.7
35.3
—
Abbreviations: LCD—light chain disease; VCD—bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone; VD—bortezomib and dexamethasone; VMP—bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone; VTD—bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone; IsaVRd—isatuximab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone; IQR—interquartile range.
