Cytokine and Chemokine Profile in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib

Table 2

Cytokine profile of multiple myeloma (MM) patients and healthy volunteers. Data are presented as median values and 25% and 75% ranges, and as values from global Kruskal-Wallis’s test and post hoc comparisons (Mann-Whitney’s tests, if the value of the global test is significant). When post hoc tests were used with Bonferroni’s correction, values less than 0.0083 (0.05/6) were considered as significant. :values from MM patients who were profiled using Kruskal-Wallis’s test only.

Cytokine; (pg/ml)	Primary refractory	Early relapse	Sensitive	Healthy control			Cytokine level comparisons
							N1 vs. N2	N1 vs. N3	N1 vs. N4	N2 vs. N3	N2 vs. N4	N3 vs. N4
FGF basic	36.76; (35.28; 40.98)	36.86; (30.05; 40.96)	37.39; (33.13; 44.36)	42.98; (38.19; 45.73)	0.002	0.422	0.327	0.947	0.010	0.240	<0.001	0.029
Eotaxin	91.35; (85.14; 122.48)	63.70; (41.35; 94.77)	80.60; (52.21; 114.19)	77.92; (64.39; 111.20)	0.020	0.016	0.006	0.128	0.059	0.094	0.036	0.912
G-CSF	370.56; (310.22; 452.35)	297.80; (404.66; 515.53)	285.18; (356.15; 565.95)	153.24; (125.02; 196.33)	<0.001	0.884	0.575	0.802	<0.001	0.883	<0.001	<0.001
GM-CSF	0.09; (0.09; 0.09)	0.09; (0.09; 1.07)	0.09; (0.09; 2.71)	0.09; (0.09; 0.09)	0.005	0.126	0.726	0.142	0.186	0.119	0.194	0.009
IFN-γ	2.56; (2.56; 3.92)	4.22; (2.58; 7.71)	3.17; (2.58; 8.03)	7.11; (5.48; 9.35)	0.001	0.528	0.300	0.634	0.001	0.460	0.022	0.001
IL-1β	1.18; (0.72; 1.40)	0.98; (0.79; 1.23)	0.96; (0.67; 1.58)	0.66; (0.56; 0.78)	<0.001	0.826	0.510	0.812	0.002	0.750	<0.001	0.003
IL-1ra	77.66; (56.52; 88.80)	123.61; (84.44; 229.09)	97.65; (81.76; 190.37)	156.76; (114.39; 200.03)	0.002	0.054	0.028	0.081	0.001	0.438	0.080	0.004
IL-2	5.29; (4.57; 6.59)	5.27; (4.45; 6.35)	5.80; (3.81; 8.09)	4.58; (3.75; 5.40)	0.088	0.591
IL-4	6.10; (5.54; 8.14)	3.05; (4.32; 7.10)	5.89; (3.90; 8.04)	3.83; (3.46; 5.04)	0.001	0.042	0.022	0.321	<0.001	0.074	0.529	0.004
IL-5	21.91; (13.91; 24.73)	20.31; (13.93; 28.46)	18.70; (12.23; 29.20)	0.49; (0.49; 0.49)	<0.001	0.903	0.823	0.905	<0.001	0.663	<0.001	<0.001
IL-6	4.31; (3.71; 5.50)	2.77; (1.69; 4.53)	2.81; (1.32; 6.25)	0.78; (0.25; 1.15)	<0.001	0.256	0.096	0.182	<0.001	0.957	<0.001	<0.001
IL-7	24.31; (22.77; 30.93)	18.77; (12.76; 23.68)	21.56; (14.06; 27.80)	28.42; (23.61; 37.61)	<0.001	0.417	0.013	0.101	0.250	0.269	<0.001	0.001
IL-8	9.05; (6.45; 13.66)	10.04; (5.42; 14.00)	8.81; (5.61; 15.71)	5.47; (3.89; 7.84)	0.006	0.869	0.726	0.606	0.004	0.846	0.006	0.008
IL-9	521.17; (493.01; 563.54)	456.79; (388.65; 503.60)	463.19; (417.69; 498.60)	96.10; (77.64; 109.55)	<0.001	0.063	0.021	0.059	<0.001	0.669	<0.001	<0.001
IL-10	7.86; (0.70; 9.65)	0.70; (0.70; 10.18)	8.16; (0.70; 11.35)	0.70; (0.70; 2.73)	0.004	0.325	0.433	0.761	0.016	0.164	0.269	0.001
IL-12 (p70)	1.26; (0.52; 1.26)	0.52; (0.52; 1.85)	0.52; (0.52; 1.26)	0.52; (0.52; 0.52)	0.106	0.452
IL-13	2.03; (1.21; 2.56)	1.95; (1.22; 2.37)	2.44; (1.59; 4.49)	2.25; (1.56; 2.93)	0.158	0.109
IL-15	60.20; (0.73; 95.88)	33.09; (0.73; 57.22)	35.59; (0.73; 57.17)	0.73; (0.73; 17.63)	0.001	0.469	0.275	0.348	0.010	0.663	0.011	0.001
IL-17A	22.43; (18.08; 25.41)	17.54; (12.49; 22.80)	21.67; (14.22; 27.43)	15.31; (13.33; 17.86)	0.001	0.061	0.036	0.692	<0.001	0.061	0.118	0.006
IP-10	1005.09; (718.00; 1513.88)	995.24; (799.42; 1382.12)	856.17; (563.91; 1401.93)	446.74; (314.48; 532.69)	<0.001	0.246	0.751	0.552	<0.001	0.127	<0.001	<0.001
MIP-1α	1.98; (1.51; 2.27)	2.86; (1.86; 4.66)	2.61; (1.61; 4.85)	1.50; (1.04; 2.05)	<0.001	0.226	0.090	0.182	0.036	0.669	<0.001	<0.001
MIP-1β	144.24; (128.26; 150.91)	126.10; (109.80; 138.44)	126.92; (114.07; 138.88)	89.42; (73.77; 95.09)	<0.001	0.108	0.052	0.066	<0.001	0.715	<0.001	<0.001
PDGF-BB	1983.54; (1464.66; 2679.98)	2613.66; (1638.61; 3649.08)	3229.92; (2699.29; 3673.74)	3548.95; (2996.41; 4344.56)	0.003	0.065	0.293	0.016	0.001	0.222	0.008	0.145
RANTES	12785.10; (10177.75; 15066.21)	10531.33; (8930.91; 13155.06)	11470.88; (10461.28; 12495.46)	9020.47; (7730.21; 9708.91)	<0.001	0.123	0.052	0.321	<0.001	0.205	0.001	<0.001
TNF-α	23.98; (20.13; 29.36)	22.92; (20.94; 26.88)	23.41; (20.10; 36.45)	64.17; (49.52; 72.71)	<0.001	0.426	0.989	0.224	<0.001	0.319	<0.001	<0.001
VEGF	95.37; (73.59; 157.42)	78.35; (17.37; 147.09)	101.96; (77.96; 173.58)	112.53; (76.37; 181.90)	0.239	0.337
MCP-1	26.35; (21.85; 29.66)	23.50; (16.46; 29.74)	23.65; (17.55; 36.64)	26.93; (16.21; 40.98)	0.733	0.624