Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule- (sICAM-) 1, Thrombospondin-1, and Vinculin for the Identification of Septic Shock Patients Suffering from an Invasive Fungal Infection
Table 1
Patients’ characteristics ().
All patients ()
Without fungal isolates ()
Fungal colonization ()
Invasive fungal infection (IFI; )
for patients without fungal infection vs. patients with fungal infection
Gender male
38 (76.0)
11 (64.7)
17 (77.3)
10 (90.1)
0.184
Age (years)
66 (61-75)
71 (64-80)
66 (61-74)
65 (58-74)
0.460
BMI (kg/m2)
27.2 (24.4-30.9)
27.2 (25.7-34.9)
25.3 (21.6-30.8)
27.4 (26-30.5)
0.582
Postoperatively peritonitis initial operation
31 (62.0)
9 (52.9)
14 (63.6)
8 (72.7)
0.322
Kidney
2 (4.0)
0 (0.0)
1 (4.5)
1 (9.1)
0.395
Liver
11 (22.0)
1 (2.1)
3 (13.6)
7 (63.6)
0.001
Pancreas
2 (10.0)
1 (5.9)
1 (4.5)
0 (0.0)
0.605
GIT
38 (76.0)
14 (82.4)
16 (72.7)
8 (72.7)
0.528
VAS
3 (6.0)
2 (11.8)
0 (0.0)
1 (9.1)
0.534
Others
12 (24.0)
3 (17.6)
5 (22.7)
4 (36.4)
0.240
≥48 h after hospital admission
25 (50.0)
7 (41.2)
15 (68.2)
3 (27.3)
0.085
NYHA 0-I
41 (82.0)
13 (76.4)
17 (77.3)
11 (100)
0.115
Diabetes mellitus
17 (34.0)
5 (29.4)
8 (36.4)
4 (36.4)
0.560
Arterial hypertension
34 (68.0)
12 (70.6)
15 (68.2)
7 (63.6)
0.495
Coronary heart disease
8 (16.0)
5 (29.4)
2 (9.1)
1 (9.1)
0.430
Chronic obstructive lung disease
10 (20.0)
5 (29.4)
5 (22.7)
0 (0.0)
0.062
Renal insufficiency
7 (14.0)
1 (5.9)
5 (22.7)
1 (9.1)
0.604
Renal replacement therapy
15 (30.0)
2 (11.8)
8 (36.4)
5 (45.5)
0.184
Liver cirrhosis
13 (26.0)
3 (17.6)
3 (13.6)
7 (63.6)
0.003
Oncological disease
33 (66.0)
11 (64.7)
14 (63.6)
8 (72.7)
0.440
APACHE II+
30 (28-35)
32 (28-36)
30 (29-34)
29 (28-33)
0.335
SOFA+
11 (10-14)
11 (10-14)
11 (10-13)
14 (11-15)
0.081
SAPS+
65 (49-75)
72 (48-75)
61 (44-72)
68 (57-77)
0.519
Candida colonization
22 (44.0)
0 (0.0)
22 (100.0)
0 (0.0)
0.881
Candida infection
10 (20.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
10 (90.1)
—
Candidemia
3 (6.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
3 (27.3)
—
Aspergillus spp.
1 (3.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
1 (9.1)
—
Candida score
4 (4-4)
4 (4-4)
4 (4-4)
4 (4-4)
—
Duration of mechanical ventilation (hours)
145.5 (67.3-450)
89 (46-145)
148.5 (74-239.3)
600 (424.5-944)
0.007
ICU length of stay (days)
19.5 (12-44)
12 (3-17)
21 (13.5-43.5)
38 (25.5-64)
0.008
Hospital length of stay (days)
44 (23.3-68.5)
24 (12-40)
50 (34.5-68.5)
53 (47.5-88)
0.075
Tracheotomy
14 (28.0)
2 (11.8)
2 (9.1)
8 (72.7)
0.001
Anastomosis leakage
24 (48.0)
7 (41.2)
11 (50.0)
6 (54.5)
0.440
Fascia dehiscence
12 (24.0)
2 (11.8)
3 (13.6)
7 (63.6)
0.002
90-day mortality
17 (34.0)
8 (47.1)
4 (18.2)
5 (45.5)
0.293
28-day mortality
11 (22.0)
7 (41.2)
3 (13.6)
1 (9.1)
0.232
Gram-positive bacteria#
38 (76.0)
12 (70.6)
15 (68.2)
11 (100.0)
0.269
Enterococcus faecalis#
7 (14.0)
0 (0.0)
4 (18.2)
3 (27.3)
0.170
Enterococcus faecium#
22 (44.0)
5 (29.4)
10 (45.5)
7 (63.6)
0.127
Gram-negative bacteria#
30 (60.0)
8 (47.1)
14 (63.6)
8 (72.7)
0.269
Escherichia coli#
21 (42.0)
6 (35.3)
11 (50)
4 (36.4)
0.445
Pseudomonas aeruginosa#
10 (20.0)
2 (11.8)
3 (13.6)
5 (45.5)
0.030
Klebsiella pneumonia#
7 (14.0)
1 (5.9)
4 (18.2)
2 (18.2)
0.487
Legends: data are presented as count (rate) or median with accompanying quartiles. Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; GIT = gastrointestinal tract; VAS = vascular artery surgery; NYHA = New York Heart Association score; APACHE II = Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation score; SAPS II = Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score; +calculated at septic shock onset, #double-naming feasible, concerning symbolism and higher orders of significance: ,, and .
