Molecular Mechanisms of Glial Cells Related Signaling Pathways Involved in the Neuroinflammatory Response of Depression

Table 1

Summary of the pathways in depression.

Pathway	Reports
Kynurenine	KYN pathway	The neurite branching and complexity of cortical neurons was facilitated by the IFNγ stimulated kynurenine pathway induction in microglia [29].
Inflammasome	MDD patients	Assembly of the NLRP3 complex in microglia activated proinflammatory response and contributed to depression [39].
Purinergic	CUMS mouse	Modulation of P2X7/NF-κB pathway in microglia could attenuate the depressive-like behaviors in mice [43].
Nicotinic acetylcholine	In mouse model	Regulating alpha-7 nicotinic receptor in glial cells prevented depression-like behaviors in mice [52].
Mitochondria	UCP2 knockout mouse	Loss of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in astrocytes aggravated depressive-like behaviors in mice [64].
Connexin	Depressed suicides	Decreased gap junction channels in the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes of the anterior cingulate of suicidal patients [94].
Neuropeptide	Neuropeptide Y	Neuropeptide Y inhibited the inflammation in microglia, which was one of key processes in depression [97].