Evaluating the Relationship of GDF-15 with Clinical Characteristics, Cardinal Features, and Survival in Multiple Myeloma

Figure 1

Serum GDF-15 concentrations according to incremental MM disease stages with reference controls (a) and among patients receiving no chemotherapy (CTx) treatment versus those on chemotherapy at baseline (b). Data are shown as median (horizontal line), interquartile range (box), nonoutlier range (whiskers), and outliers (points); value is shown for overall comparison between groups. The numbers of patients in each group are reported in Table 2. SMM: smoldering myeloma; ISS: International Staging System for multiple myeloma.

(a)

(b)