Protein Kinase A Is Involved in Neuropathic Pain by Activating the p38MAPK Pathway to Mediate Spinal Cord Cell Apoptosis

Figure 8

PKA and p38MAPK inhibitors reduce inflammation and apoptosis. (a–c) Western blots and quantification of TNF-α and IL-1β expression in the spinal cord (). versus Sham group, #, ## versus SNI group. (d, e) TNF-α (d) and IL-1β € levels in the spinal cord as measured by ELISA (). versus Sham group, ### versus SNI group. (f–i) Western blots and quantification of bax, bcl-2, caspase3, and caspase9 expression in the spinal cord (). , versus Sham group, #, ## versus SNI group. (j) TUNEL and NeuN double labeling. TUNEL-positive cells are green; NeuN is red.

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