Research Article
Distinguishable Immunologic Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Compared with Nondiabetic Individuals
Table 5
Serum levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines in patients with and without type 2 diabetes.
| | Variables (pg/mL) | Normal range | NDM () | T2D () | value | | Mean or median | Increased no. (%) | Mean or median | Increased no. (%) |
| | IL-2 | ≤11.4 | | 0 (0.00%) | | 0 (0.00%) | 0.516 | | IL-4 | ≤12.9 | | 0 (0.00%) | | 0 (0.00%) | 0.888 | | IL-6 | ≤20 | 5.27 | 4 (12.1%) | 12.10 | 9 (24.3%) | | | IL-10 | ≤5.9 | 4.50 | 8 (24.2%) | 5.05 | 5.05 (29.7%) | 0.187 | | TNF-α | ≤5.5 | 3.83 | 6 (18.2%) | 6.43 | 19 (51.4%) | | | IFN-γ | ≤18 | 3.59 | 2 (6.1%) | 8.83 | 3 (8.2%) | |
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