Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): Two Potential Targets for COVID-19 Treatment

Figure 1

Effects of HMGB1. Necrotic lung epithelium releases HMGB1, whose increase induces pulmonary oedema, macrophage phagocytosis, and NETosis, reducing viral clearance and leading to hypoxia. HMGB1 blockade may reverse these effects, influencing the reduction of hypoxia. HMGB1: high-mobility group box 1; NETosis: release of neutrophil extracellular traps.