Density of Langerhans Cells in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers: A Systematic Review

Table 3

The summary of the studies in which the number of LCs was measured in BCC and SCC.

First author, date	No of cases (SCC/BCC/)	The purpose(s) of the study	Langerhans cells immunostaining measurement method	Measurement location	Cell numbers
Yin, 2012 [41]	10/10	Analysis of difference in count of CD1a+ and HLA-DR+ cells in different tumours of skin associated with solar radiation	Anti-CD1a and HLA-DR antibody calculation per 1000 keratinocytes in five different fileds of view of the specimen	NA	BCC: per 1000 KC; SCC: per 1000 KC
Yamaji, 1987 [38]	9/6	Analysis of the number of LC in skin tumours	Anti-CD1a and anti-S100ß antibody; Calculation per 100 basal cells in three random fields of each specimen	Epidermis overlying the tumours	SCC: per 100 BC for CD1a+ and for S-100ß+; BCC: per 100 BC for CD1a+ and for S-100ß+
Schreiner, 1995 [40]	10/13	Analysis of LC number in skin cancers	Anti-CD1a and CD4 antibodies; Calculation in 10 randomly selected areas per 1 mm^2	Epidermis overlying the tumours	SCC: mean 47/mm^2; BCC: mean 197/mm^2
Liebau, 1986 [36]	9/6	Comparison of density and morphology of LCs in the head and neck skin tumours	Anti-CD1, HLA-DR antibody; Calculation in 20 HPFs in each analysed tissue layer as percentage of total number	Epithelium, basement membrane zone and connective tissue	Epithelium: 16% in SCC and 21% in BCC; Connective tissue: 9% in SCC and 4% in BCC
Chen, 1988 [39]	4/10	Analysis of class II antigen expression in cutaneous tumours	Anti-CD1a, anti-HLA-DR, anti-HLA-DQ and anti-OKIa1 antibodies; Calculation per 1,000 keratinocytes or as percentage of mononuclear cells	Intra- and peritumoural	BCC: IT: PT skin: (when stained with CD1a). Different stains: OKIa1: ; HLA-DR: ; HLA-DQ: SCC: PT:
Shevchuk 2014 [17]	40/40	Comparison of LC quantification assessing either CD1A or CD207	Anti-CD1a and anti-CD207 antibodies; Calculation of CD1A and CD207 cells per total 1000 cells	Intratumoural	SCC: CD1a: per 1000 cells; CD207: per 100 cells; BCC: CD1a: per 1000 cells; CD207: per 1000 cells
Smolle, 1986 [37]	6/5	Analysis of correlation between number of tumour intraepithelial LC, periumoural infiltrate and epithelial differentiation	Anti-CD1a antibody; Calculation in 5 consecutive fields and extrapolated to per 1 mm^2	Intra- and peritumoural	SCC: (range 9-242); BCC: (range: 5-79)

BCC: basal cell carcinoma; CD: cluster of differentiation; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; HPF: high-power fields; IT: intratumoural; KC: keratinocyte; PT: peritumoural; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma. oral squamous cell carcinoma.