Xi Lei San Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Rats and TNF-α-Stimulated Colitis in CACO2 Cells: Involvement of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Autophagy

Figure 5

Xi Lei San suppressed apoptosis and reduced ROS levels and inflammation in TNF-α-stimulated CACO2 cells by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes. TNF-α-induced CACO2 cells were treated with Xi Lei San and alum crystals. (a) A western blotting analysis was performed to examine the levels of NLRP3, IL-18, IL-33, and IL-1β expression in the CACO2 cells following their treatment with Xi Lei San and alum crystals. (b) A quantitative analysis of western blotting results was performed. (c) A flow cytometry analysis showed the apoptosis rate of CACO2 cells after treatment. (d) ROS production was determined by flow cytometry. (e) ELISA assay was used to detect the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33 in the treated CACO2 cells. vs. the control group; ^# vs. the TNF-α group; ^$ and ^$$ vs. the TNF-α+Xi Lei San group.

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