Mediators of Inflammation

Review Article

Salivary Biomarkers in Lung Cancer

Table 1

Summary of putative salivary markers in lung cancer.


	Author, year	Histological type	Sample size (LC/control)	Markers	Collection	Category	Sensitivity/specificity

Metabolic	Bel’skaya, 2020 [43]	AC, SCC, AC+SCC, NEC	425/550	Catalase activity, triene conjugates, Schiff bases, pH, sialic acid, alkaline phosphatase, chloride	Unstimulated WMS	Amino acids, biochemical	69.5%/87.5%
Metabolic	Bel’skaya, 2017 [44]	AC, SCC, NEC	286/573	ALT, AST/ALT, ALP, GGT, ⍺-amylase	Unstimulated WMS	Biochemical	n/a

Inflammatory	Koizumi, 2018 [48]	NSCLC	35/35	IL-1β, ILIRN, IL7, IL10, CCL11, CXCL10, PDGF-BB, TNF	Unstimulated WMS	Protein	60.6%/80.8%

Proteomic	Xiao, 2012 [53]	Not specified	26/26	Haptoglobin, zinc-⍺-2-glycoprotein, calprotectin	Unstimulated WMS	Protein	88.5%/92.3%

Transcriptomic	Zhang, 2012 [56]	NSCLC, SCLC	32/64	CCNI, EGFR, FGF19, FRS2, GREB1	Unstimulated WMS	mRNA	93.75%/82.81%
	Wei, 2014 [64]	NSCLC	40/n/a	EGFR 19-del EGFR 21-L858R	Unstimulated WMS	DNA	n/a
	Pu, 2016 [65]	NSCLC other, AC, SCC	17/n/a	EGFR 19-del EGFR 21-L858R	Not specified	DNA	n/a
	Ding, 2019 [66]	NSCLC other, AC, SCC	78/26	EGFR 19-del EGFR 21-L858R	Unstimulated WMS	scfDNA^†	n/a

Microbial	Zhang, 2019 [90]	AC, SCC	39/20	Veillonella, Streptococcus	Unstimulated WMS	16S rRNA	n/a
	Yan, 2015	AC, SCC	61/25	Capnocytophaga, Veillonella	Not specified	16S rDNA	84.6%/86.7%-78.6%/80.0%^‡
	Yang, 2018 [92]	NSCLC	75/172	Sphingomonas, Blastomonas, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus	Unstimulated WMS	16S rRNA	n/a

Also included 168 nonmalignant lung disease cases; IL10 and CXCL10 only; also included 15 nonmalignant lung disease cases; ^†saliva circulating free DNA; ^‡for SCC and AC, respectively. AC: adenocarcinoma; LC: lung cancer; n/a: not applicable; NEC: neuroendocrine cancer; NSCLC: non-small-cell lung cancer; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma; SCLC: small cell lung cancer; WMS: whole mouth saliva.