Metformin and Probiotics Interplay in Amelioration of Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in an In Vitro and In Vivo Model of Hepatic Injury

Figure 1

Effect of probiotic V and Met on the viability of HepG2 cells. (a) HepG2 cells were exposed to 100 mM ethanol and cotreated with probiotic V (10, 50, and 100 μl/ml) and Met (1, 2, and 3 mM) in different combinations and compared with the individual doses of Met 1, 2, and 3 mM alone in the presence of ethanol (ethanol column in the graph) for 48 h; (b) HepG2 cells were exposed to 100 mM ethanol and cotreated with probiotic V (10, 50, and 100 μl/ml) and Met (1, 2, and 3 mM) in different combinations and compared with the individual doses of probiotic V (10, 50, and 100 μl/ml) alone in the presence of ethanol (ethanol column in the graph) for 48 h. The average percentage of cell viability after respective treatment was analyzed through MTT assay. Values represent the of three individual experiments. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test. Statistical analysis: ^#### compared with control group; , , and compared with ethanol group as well as individual treatment of probiotic V (10, 50, and 100 μl/ml) and Met (1, 2, and 3 mM) groups in different combinations; ns stands for nonsignificant.

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