Metformin and Probiotics Interplay in Amelioration of Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in an In Vitro and In Vivo Model of Hepatic Injury

Figure 10

qRT-PCR analysis results of (a) CYP2E1, (b) IL-1β, (c) iNOS, (d) TLR-4, (e) TNF-α, (f) IL-10, (g) HO-1, and (h) Nrf-2 genes in ethanol-exposed HepG2 cells alone and along with probiotic V and Met alone or in combination treatment for 48 h. The gene expression levels were calculated after stabilizing against 18S rRNA in every sample and are presented as relative mRNA expression units. Values represent the of three individual experiments. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test. Statistical analysis: ^#, ^##, and ^#### compared with control group; , , , and compared with ethanol group; ^A,B, ^AA,BB, ^AAA,BBB, and ^AAAA,BBBB compared with probiotic V and Met combinatorial group.

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