Metformin and Probiotics Interplay in Amelioration of Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in an In Vitro and In Vivo Model of Hepatic Injury

Figure 7

Effect of probiotic V and Met alone or in combination on ethanol-induced liver injury. Serum levels of liver enzymes, i.e., (a) ALT, (b) AST, (c) ALP, and lipid markers, i.e., (d) serum cholesterol, (e) serum triglycerides, (f) hepatic cholesterol, and (g) hepatic triglycerides, were determined using a microplate reader. Values are expressed as of six rats. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test. Statistical analysis: ^### and ^####p <0.0001 compared with control group; , , and compared with ethanol group; ^A,B, ^AA,BB, and ^AAA,BBB compared with probiotic V and Met combinatorial group. ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)