High-Affinity Anti-VISTA Antibody Protects against Sepsis by Inhibition of T Lymphocyte Apoptosis and Suppression of the Inflammatory Response

Figure 4

(a) Engagement of VISTA receptor mitigated sepsis-induced apoptosis both in the thymus and spleen. Representative images of CD3⁺ T cell apoptosis in the thymus detected by flow cytometry. (b) Summary data of thymic T cell apoptosis indicated by annexin V-positive cells. Both early apoptotic cells (annexin V-positive/PI-negative) and late apoptotic cells (annexin V-positive/PI-positive) were considered as apoptotic events. Treatment with MH5A decreased the number of annexin V-positive cells in the thymus. (c) Representative images of apoptosis in the spleen detected by TUNEL staining. Sections were examined at a magnification of 400x. (d) Summary data of splenocyte apoptosis indicated by mean density of TUNEL-positive cells. VISTA engagement significantly inhibited sepsis-associated apoptosis in the spleen. All presented data are a composite of three independent experiments ( in each group). .

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