Research Article
Activation of Opioid Receptors Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscle Induced by Tourniquet Placement
Figure 4
Oxy treatment attenuated alteration of TNF-α and ATP concentration induced by tourniquet placement. (a) Serum TNF-α level. (b) Concentration of ATP in gastrocnemius muscles. I/R: ischemia-reperfusion ( in each group); vs. sham; # vs. I/R. Oxy: oxycodone.
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