Emodin Ameliorates Intestinal Dysfunction by Maintaining Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Modulating the Microbiota in Septic Mice

Figure 4

Identification of Emodin-binding proteins. (a) Chemical structure of emodin and bio-emodin (fluorescent tag). (b) A schematic chart of identification of bio-emodin-binding protein using a proteome microarray. (c) Images of location of JNK2 in the biotin control and the bio-emodin microarray and details of the bonding. (d) Pulldown detection for the interaction of emodin and JNK2 in MODE-K cells. M: marker; L: loading buffer. (e) Effect of emodin on JNK2 phosphorylation. Western blot was employed to detect p-JNK2 expression, and three independent experiments were performed. (f) Emodin and JNK2 are shown as cartoon and sticks, respectively. It is color coded according to the electrostatic potential. Blue: hydrophilic amino acid; white: neutral amino acid; and orange: hydrophobic amino acid. (g) Electrostatic interaction pattern diagram of pockets around small molecules. Details of interaction is shown color-coded according to the electrostatic potential.

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