CCL-2 and CXCL-8: Potential Prognostic Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury after a Bothrops atrox Snakebite

Table 1

Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients and individuals participating in the study.

Variable	HD	AKI^(-)	AKI^(+)
Gender,(%)
Male	16 (94)	14 (82)	15 (88)
Female	1 (6)	3 (18)	2 (12)
Age (years, median (IQR))	31 [23–63]	39 [24–57]	42 [22–39]
Occurrence zone,(%)
Rural	—	16 (94)	15 (88)
Urban	—	1 (6)	2 (12)
Bite classification,(%)
Mild	—	17 (100)	—
Severe	—	—	17 (100)
Anatomical site of the bite,(%)
Upper limbs	—	5 (29)	4 (23)
Lower limbs	—	12 (71)	13 (77)
Previous snakebite,(%)
Yes	—	3 (18)	—
No	—	14 (82)	17 (100)
Adverse reaction to antivenom,(%)
Yes	—	2 (12)	3 (18)
No	—	15 (88)	14 (82)
Comorbidities,(%)
Yes	—	1 (6)	4 (23)
No	—	16 (94)	13 (77)
Time to medical assistance (hours,(%))
0 – 3	—	12 (71)	10 (59)
4 – 6	—	5 (29)	2 (12)
>6	—	—	5 (29)
Time to development of AKI (hours,(%))
≤24	—	—	10 (59)
>24	—	—	7 (41)