|
| Author and year | Study design | Search date | Number of studies included | Design and number of included studies | Sample | Microbiology assessment | Disease | Participants () |
|
| Wang, N. et al. 2022 [37] | Meta | August 24, 2021 | 8 | Case-control | Fecal 8 | 16S rRNA gene sequencing 7
Shotgun metagenomics sequencing | ADHD | 316 |
| Valido, E. et al. 2022 [38] | SR | April 07, 2021 | 6 | Case-control | | 16S rRNA 5
ASV clustering taxa assignment 1 | SCI | 246 |
| Shirvani-Rad, S. et al. 2022 [39] | SR | March, 2021 | 8 | Cohort 2
Case-control 6 | | | ADHD | 53886 |
| Payen, A. et al. 2022 [17] | Meta | January 2021 to April 2021 | 5 | Case-control | Fecal | 16S rRNA 4
Shotgun metagenomic sequencing 1 | ADHD | 1134 |
| McGuinness,A. J.et al. 2022 [52] | SR | December, 2021 | 44 | Case-control | | | MDD | 2086 |
| | | | | | | BD | 1004 |
| | | | | | | SCZ | 1827 |
| Hung, C. C. et al. 2022 [40] | Meta | January 2000 to August 2021 | 11 | Case-control | | 16S rRNA gene sequencing 11 | AD | 805 |
| Guido, G. et al. 2022 [18] | SR | January, 2022 | 2 | Case-control study | Fecal | | Stroke | 174 |
| González Cordero, E. M. et al. 2022 [41] | SR | January 2016 to May 2020 | 8 | Case-control 4
Longitudinal 4 | | | AD | 164182 |
| Gkougka, D. et al. 2022 [19] | SR | December 31, 2020 | 11 | Case-control studies 10 | | | ADHD | 54093 |
| Andreo-Martínez, P. et al. 2022 [42] | Meta | January 27, 2020 | 18 | Case-control | | | ASD | 998 |
| Vindegaard, N. et al. 2021 [20] | SR | January 17, 2019 | 17 | Case-control 17 | | | SCZ
BD
MDD | 1364 |
| Sun, J. et al. 2021 [21] | SR | February 2021 | 9 | Case-control 8 randomized trial 1 | | Both 16S sequencing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing 2 16S-based approaches alone 6
Metagenomic sequencing 1 | ALS | 630 |
| Sukmajaya, A. C. et al. 2021 [22] | SR | 2017-2020 | 6 | | | 16S rRNA sequencing 4
DNA amplification 1 shotgun metagenomic sequencing 1 | ADHD | 407 |
| Sublette, M. E. et al. 2021 [43] | SR | January 7, 2020 | 13 | Case-control | | | BD | 759 |
| Simpson, C. A. et al. 2021 [23] | SR | March 2020 | 26 | Case-control study | | | MDD | NA |
| Shen, T. et al. 2021 [44] | Meta | August 2020 | 15 | Case-control studies | Fecal | Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) 1 next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique.13 | PD | 1703 |
| Sharma, V. et al. 2021 [24] | SR | January 1, 1990 to March 22, 2020 | 73 | Case-control 8
Cohort 27
Clinical trial 1
Metagenomics (human) 11
Other (cross-sectional and experimental) 26 | | | Stroke | NA |
| Romano, S. et al. 2021 [7] | Meta | March 29, 2020 | 10 | Case-control | | | PD | 1203 |
| Plassais, J. et al. 2021 [25] | Meta | June 30, 2020 | 5 | NA | | | MS | 303 |
| | | 7 | NA | | | PD | 1067 |
| Nikolova, V. L.et al. 2021 [45] | Meta | January 27, 2021 | 59 | Case-control studies | | 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing | MDD | 930 |
| | | | | | | BD | 465 |
| | | | | | | SCZ | 699 |
| | | | | | | GAD | 84 |
| | | | | | | AN | 211 |
| | | | | | | PTSD | 18 |
| | | | | | | OCD | 59 |
| | | | | | | ADHD | 19 |
| Knudsen, J. K.et al. 2021 [26] | SR | November 13, 2020. | 17 | Case-control | | | MDD | 1520 |
| Jurek, L. et al. 2021 [53] | SR | | 31 | Case-control | Stool samples 25
Urine samples 2
Intestinal biopsies 4 | 16S-targeted metagenomics 18
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 10
The FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) 1 extended-culture (culturomics) 10 | ASD | 3002 |
| | | 3 | | | | ADHD | 84 |
| Faber, W. et al. 2021 [13] | SR | | 14 | Case-control | | | MS | 10 |
| | | | | | | SCI | 4 |
| Chen, L. L. et al. 2021 [46] | SR | February 13, 2020 | 69 | Case-control | | Marker-gene analysis methods 86% metagenome analysis 9% | ADHD | NA |
| | | | | | | GAD | NA |
| | | | | | | ASD | NA |
| | | | | | | BD | NA |
| | | | | | | ED | NA |
| | | | | | | MDD | NA |
| | | | | | | PTSD | NA |
| | | | | | | SCZ | NA |
| Tucker, R. M.et al. 2020 [27] | SR | 2000-2019 | 21 | Case-control | UBT 3 stool antigen 1 serology 17 | | PD | 48484 |
| Sanada, K. et al. 2020 [28] | Meta | October 24, 2019 | 10 | Observational | | 16S rRNA gene sequencing 9
Metaproteomics: phylogenetic analysis 1 | MDD | 701 |
| Nuzum, N. D. et al. 2020 [47] | SR | May 27, 2018 to May 24, 2019 | 13 | Case-control | | Next-generation sequencing 11 | PD | 1587 |
| Mirza, A. et al. 2020 [54] | SR | January 1, 2008 to august 24, 2019 | 10 | Pilot study 3
Case-control 7 | Stool 9 duodenal mucosa 1 | 16S rRNA 10 | MS | 582 |
| Kraeuter, A. K. et al. 2020 [48] | SR | February 14, 2019 | 9 | Case-control | Fecal sample | | SCZ | 594 |
| Iglesias-Vázquez, L. et al. 2020 [29] | Meta | February, 2020 | 18 | Case-control | | Pyrosequencing 6
PCR 10
Culture 2 | ASD | 897 |
| Ho, L. K. H. et al. 2020 [30] | SR | September 2017, August 2018, and April 2019 | 26 | Case-control | Fecal 22
Gastric and duodenal fluids 1
Duodenal biopsy 1
Blood biopsy from colon1
Biopsy from ileum and cecum 1 | | ASD | 1237 |
| Doulberis, M.et al. 2020 [31] | SR | October 17, 2018 | 24 | Randomized controlled trial 1
Prospective cohort study 9
Retrospective cohort study 4
Cross-sectional study 2
Case-control study 8 | | | AD | 10447 |
| Bundgaard-Nielsen, C. et al. 2020 [49] | SR | July 22, 2019 | 24 | Case-control | | Metagenomic sequencing 2 sequencing of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene 22 | ASD | 1323 |
| | | | | | | ADHD | 270 |
| Bezawada, N. et al. 2020 [32] | SR | 1966 to July 2019 | 28 | Case-control | Fecal samples 24 mucosal biopsies 4 | 16S r RNA 18 microbial analysis 4 quantitative real-time amplification of bacterial DNA (qPCR), 4 both qPCR and 16S rRNA sequencing techniques 1 fluorescent insitu hybridisation 1 | ASD | 1680 |
| Barandouzi, Z. A. et al. 2020 [33] | SR | January 2000 to June 2019 | 9 | Cross-sectional 8
Partially blinded observational study 1 | | 16S rRNA 9 | MDD | 707 |
| Xu, M. et al. 2019 [34] | Meta | July 2017 | 9 | Cohort 1
NA: 8 | Fecal 9 | FISH (Cy3-labeled 16S rRNA probes)
Pyrosequencing 5
QPCR (various bacterial primers)
Culture (colony-forming units) 2 | ASD | 421 |
| Martínez-González, A. E.et al. 2019 [50] | SR | Between 2012 and February 2019 | 16 | Case-control | Stool | Sequencing of the 16S rRNA | ASD | 508 |
| Liu, F.et al. 2019 [55] | SR | March, 2018 | 16 | Case-control | Fecal, 12
Rectal biopsy 1
Ileal and cecal biopsies 1 | 16S rRNA 12, quantitative real-time PCR 4 | ASD | 664 |
| Lacorte, E. et al. 2019 [51] | SR | April, 2019 | 10 | NA | Stool | NA | ADHD | 114 |
| | | | | | | ASD | 757 |
| Cheung, S. G. et al. 2019 [56] | SR | February 28, 2018 | 6 | Case-control | Stool | | MDD | 392 |
| Boertien, J. M. et al. 2019 [35] | SR | | 16 | Case-control | | 16S 13 qPCR of selected taxa 2
Shotgun meta genomics 1 | PD | 1804 |
| Schwensen, H. F. et al. 2018 [36] | SR | August 27, 2017 | 10 | Cross-sectional 6 longitudinal 2 case report 1 case series 1 | Feces samples | 16S reverse transcriptase-PCR 7
16S reverse transcriptase-PCR and 23S rRNA gene 1
NA 2 | AN | 731 |
|
