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| SN | Study | Country | Instrument | Sample size | Study design | Study population | Data collection technique | Summary of the article |
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| 1 | Allison et al. [13] | Australia | IQR, Adolescent Suicide Questionnaire | 307 | Cross-sectional | 13 to 17 years | SRM | Paternal criticism, less caring & overprotective nature of parents were associated with high level of suicidal ideation, plans, threats, and attempts |
| 2 | Banstola et al. [8] | Nepal | | 575 | Cross-sectional | 13 to 19 years and their parents | SRM | Authoritarian parenting style was identified as a risk factor for suicidal behavior among children |
| 3 | Bifulco et al. [30] | UK | Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse (CECA) | 160 | Cross sectional | High risk young people (16-30 years) | Interview | Parental neglect, lack of adequate supervision, and single mother upbringing were identified as the predictors of suicidal behavior |
| 4 | Choi et al. [31] | Korea | PAQ, Suicidality sub scale of the Korean Version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI version 2.1) | 1071 | Cross-sectional | Adolescents | SRM | Suicidal thoughts, plans and attempts were significantly high in the authoritarian parenting group compared to democratic and permissive groups |
| 5 | Coelho et al. [32] | Brazil | PBI | 828 | Cross-sectional | Pregnant teenagers | Interview | Maternal affection less control and paternal neglectful parenting were identified as a predictor of suicidal behavior in pregnant teenagers |
| 6 | Donath et al. [33] | Germany | | 44,610 | Cross-sectional | 9th grade students | Survey | Rejecting-neglecting parenting was identified as significant predictors for suicidal attempts, whereas authoritative parenting, parental warmth were found to be protective |
| 7 | Ehnvall et al. [34] | Australia | Measure of Parental Style (MOPS) | 343 | Retrospective | Mood disorder patients | SRM | Female depressed patients with rejected or neglected parenting by were found to have an increased risk of lifetime suicide attempt |
| 8 | Gau et al. [35] | Taiwan | Chinese Version of the PBI | 2919 | Cross-sectional | First year college students | SRM | Low affection, overprotection and authoritarian parenting were associated with increased suicidal behavior |
| 9 | Greening et al. [21] | USA | PAQ-Revised (PAQ-R), Risk for Suicide Questionnaire (RSQ) | 172 | Cross-sectional | 6 to 12 years | Parent interviews, the children SRM | Authoritarian parenting was identified as resilient factor for suicidal behavior, and flexible parenting was identified as a predictor of suicidal ideation |
| 10 | Gui et al. [36] | China | Short Egan Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran Chinese Version (S-EMBU-C) for parenting style | 2598 | Cross-sectional | Medical undergraduate students | Survey | Variations in parenting style between father and mother in the domains of emotional warmth, nurture rejects and over-protectiveness were associated with lifetime suicidal ideation |
| 11 | Heider et al. [37] | Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain | PBI- Short form, World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview | 7740 | Cross-sectional | Adults | Interview | Inadequate maternal care was significantly associated with higher incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts |
| 12 | Huang et al. [38] | Taiwan | | 5328 | Cross-sectional | 10 to 13 years | Survey | Authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles among male students and authoritarian parenting style among female students was associated with a higher level of suicidal ideation |
| 13 | Kim [26] | 48 low and middle income countries | 142,716 | Cross-sectional | Students of 13 to 17 years | Survey | Curvilinear relationship between parental involvement and suicidal behavior |
| 14 | King et al. [39] | USA | | 17,399 | Cross-sectional | 12 to 17 years | Survey | Lack of authoritative behaviors was associated with increased risk for suicidal ideation, plans and attempts |
| 15 | Lai et al. [40] | Hong Kong | PBI, PAQ, SSI, Family Climate Questionnaire | 120 | Cross-sectional | Secondary school students (15 to 19 years) | SRM | Authoritarian parenting style, lack of parental care, maternal over control, low paternal warmth, and negative child-rearing practices were significantly associated with a higher suicidal ideation |
| 16 | Liu et al. [41] | China | CBCL, Family Environment Scale Chinese Version (FES-CV) | 1920 | Cross-sectional | 6 to 16 years | SRM | Physical punishment from the parents was significantly associated with an increased risk of suicidality |
| 17 | Lo et al. [42] | Hong Kong | Perception of Parenting Style and Practices, SSI, Warmth and Acceptance Scale (WAS), Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6) | 447 | Cross-sectional | 9 to 12 years | SRM | Dominating parenting style was associated with higher incidence of suicidal ideation, whereas autonomy-granting and warmth/acceptance parenting style was found to be protective |
| 18 | Madadin et al. [43] | Saudi Arabia | General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) | 256 | Cross-sectional | Medical students aged 18 to 25 years | Online SRM | Parental neglect was found to be significantly associated with increased incidence of suicidal ideation |
| 19 | Martin & Waite [44] | Australia | PBI, Youth Self Report (YSR) | 681 | Cross-sectional | High school students | SRM and | Lower level of parental care was significantly associated with higher level of suicidal ideation |
| 20 | Miller et al. [45] | USA | | 674 | Longitudinal follow-up | 12-18 years | Interview | The study revealed an indirect association between childhood maltreatment and suicidal ideation mediated by depression during adolescence |
| 21 | Mitrou et al. [46] | Australia | Achenbach’s CBCL | 2736 | Longitudinal follow-up | 4-16 years Children and their carers | Survey | The study revealed inconsistent parenting style as risk factor while encouraging parenting as protective for self-harm |
| 22 | Nunes & Mota [47] | Portugal | Parenting Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire, Short version, Father/Mother Attachment Questionnaire, Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire | 604 | Cross-sectional | 15 to 18 years | SRM | Authoritarian and permissive parenting style was significantly correlated with suicidal ideation, whereas authoritative style was negatively correlated with suicidal ideation |
| 23 | Osama et al. [48] | Pakistan | | 331 | Cross-sectional | Undergraduate medical students | Survey | Parental neglect and demanding parenting was found to be significantly associated with increased incidence of suicidal ideation |
| 24 | Paul & Ortin [49] | USA | CBCL, Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale | 2958 | Longitudinal follow-up | Families from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, who participated in interviews at child’s ages of 3 and/or 5, and 9 | Cohort Study | Parental neglect in preschool years was significantly associated with increased incidence of suicidal ideation and self-harm in middle childhood |
| 25 | Pawłowska et al. [50] | Poland | | 5685 | Cross-sectional | 16 to 19 years | SRM | Abuse from family members was associated with significantly higher incidence of self-harm behavior in adolescents |
| 26 | Sharaf et al. [51] | Egypt | PBI, SIS | 150 | Cross-sectional | 13 to 21 years of age and hospitalized for non-fatal attempt | Interview | Suicidal intent was found to be significantly higher among adolescents who experienced parental neglect and affection less control during their childhood |
| 27 | Silove et al. [52] | Australia | PBI, Youth Self Report (YSR) | 43 case; 42 control | Case-control study | Hospitalized patients after a non-fatal attempt | SRM | Paternal overprotection was associated with self-harm behavior |
| 28 | Singh et al. [53] | India | PBI, SSI, Beck’s Hopelessness Scale, and Early Trauma Inventory Self Report | 436 | Cross-sectional | Undergraduate students of 18 to 25 years | Interview | Suicidal ideation was significantly higher in affection less parental control |
| 29 | Smith & Moore [54] | Jamaica | Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument | 563 | Cross-sectional | 11 to 19 years | SRM | Authoritarian parenting style was found to be significantly associated with greater risk of suicidal ideation |
| 30 | Sun et al. [55] | China | | 2198 | Cross-sectional | Medical undergraduate students | SRM | Mother’s communication was associated with lifetime suicidal ideation and plan but associated with suicidal attempt. The study does not reveal any direction of the association |
| 31 | Zaborskis et al. [56] | Lithuania | Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) | 3572 | Cross-sectional | 13 to 15 years | SRM | Authoritarian-repressive paternal parenting style, permissive-neglectful maternal parenting style and low parental emotional support was found to be significantly associated with suicidal behavior |
| 32 | Zinchuk et al. [57] | Russia | Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behavior Interview (SITBI) | 361 | Retrospective cohort | Hospitalized patients in psychiatry | Interview | Dissatisfaction with perceived parenting style (with respect to their upbringing, selecting from balanced, overprotective, uninvolved and inconsistent types) was found to be significantly associated with suicidal ideation |
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